Monday, November 12, 2012

Penalty( Jurmana) by premchand


                          Penalty                           Jurmana

Munshi Khairat Ali Khan was the inspector of Sanitation and hundreds of
sweeper women depended on him. He was good-hearted and well thought
of--not the sort who cut their pay, scolded them or fined them. But he went
on regularly rebuking and punishing Alarakkhi. She was not a shirker, nor
saucy or slovenly; she was also not at all bad-looking. During these chilly
days she would be out with her broom before it was light and go on
assiduously sweeping the road until nine. But all the same, she would be
penalized. Huseni, her husband, would help her with the work too when he
found the chance, but it was in Alarakkhi's fate that she was going to be
fined. For others pay-day was an occasion to celebrate, for Alarakkhi it was
a time to weep. On that day it was as though her heart had broken. Who
could tell how much would be deducted! Like students awaiting the results
of their examinations, over and over again she would speculate on the
amount of the deduction.
Whenever she got so tired that she'd sit down a moment to catch her
breath, precisely then the Inspector would arrive riding in his ekka. No
matter how much she'd say, 'Please, Excellency, I’ll go back to work again,'
he would jot her name down in his book without listening. A few days later
the very same thing would happen again. If she bought a few cents worth of
candy from the sweets-vendor and started to eat it, just at that moment the
Inspector would drop on her from the devil knew where and once more write
her name down in his book. Where could he have been hiding? The minute
she began to rest the least bit he was upon her like an evil spirit. If he wrote
her name down on only two days, how much would the penalty be then! God
knew. More than eight annas? If only it weren't a whole rupee! With her
head bowed she'd go to collect her pay and find even more deducted than
she'd estimated. Taking her money with trembling hands she'd go home, her
eyes full of tears. There was no one to turn to, no one who'd listen.
Today was pay-day again. The past month her unweaned daughter had
suffered from coughing and fever. The weather had been exceptionally cold.
Partly because of the cold, partly because of the little girl's crying she was
kept awake the whole night. Several times she'd come to work late. Khan
Sahib had noted down her name, and this time she would be fined half her
pay. It was impossible to say how much might be deducted. Early in the
morning she picked up the baby, took her broom and went to the street. But
the naughty creature wouldn't let herself be put down. Time after time
Alarakkhi would threaten her with the arrival of the Inspector. 'He's on his
way and he'll beat me and as for you, he'll cut off your nose and ears! 'The
child was willing to sacrifice her nose and ears but not to be put down. At
last, when Alarakkhi had failed to get rid of her with threats and coaxing
alike, she set her down and left her crying and wailing while she started to
sweep. But the little wretch wouldn't sit in one place to cry her heart out; she
crawled after her mother time and time again, caught her sari, clung to her
legs, then wallowed around on the ground and a moment later sat up to start
crying again.
'Shut up!' Alarakkhi said, brandishing the broom. 'If you don't, I’ll hit you
with the broom and that'll be the end of you. That bastard of an Inspector's
going to show up at any moment.'
She had hardly got the words out of her mouth when inspector Khairat Ali
Khan dismounted from his bicycle directly in front of her. She turned pale,
her heart began to thump. 'Oh God, may my head fall off if he heard me!
Right in front of me and I didn't see him. Who could tell he'd come on his
bicycle today? He's always come in his ekka. ‘The blood froze in her veins,
she stood holding the broom as though paralyzed.
Angrily the Inspector said, 'Why do you drag the kid after you to work!
Why didn't you leave it at home!'
'She's sick, Excellency' Alarakkhi said timidly. 'Who's at home to leave her
with!'
'What's the matter with her?'
'She has a fever, Huzoor.’
'And you make her cry by leaving her? Don't you care if she lives?
'How can I do my work if I carry her?'
'Why don't you ask for leave!'
'If my pay is cut, Huzoor, what will we have to live on?'
'Pick her up and take her home. When Huseni comes back send him here
to finish the sweeping.
She picked up the baby and was about to go when he asked, 'Why were
you abusing me!'
Alarakkhi felt all her breath knocked out of her. If you'd cut her there
wouldn't have been any blood. Trembling she said, 'No, Huzoor, may my
head fall off if I was abusing you.
And she burst into tears.
In the evening Huseni and Alarakkhi went to collect her pay. She was very
downcast.
'Why so sad?' Huseni tried to console her. 'The pay's going to be cut, so let
them cut it. I swear on your life from now on I won't touch another drop of
booze or toddy.'
'I'm afraid I'm fired. Damn my tongue! How could I....’
'If you're fired, then you're fired, but let Allah be merciful to him. Why go
on crying about it?’
'You’ve made me come for nothing. Everyone of those women will laugh
at me.
'If he's fired you, won't we ask on what grounds! And who heard you
abuse him' Can there be so much injustice that he can fire anyone he pleases!
If I'm not heard I’ll complain to the panchayat, I'll beat my head on the
headman's gate--'
'If our people stuck together like that would Khan Sahib ever dare fine us
so much''
'No matter how serious the sickness there's a medicine for it, silly.'
But Alarakkhi was not set at rest. Dejection covered her face like a cloud.
When the Inspector heard her abuse him why didn't he even scold her? Why
didn't he ~re her on the spot! She wasn't able to work it out, he actually
seemed kind. She couldn't manage to understand this mystery. She was
afraid. He had decided to fire her- that must have been why he was so nice.
She'd heard that a man about to be hanged is given a fine last meal, they
have to give him anything he wants-so surely the Inspector was going to
dismiss her. They reached the municipal office building. The pay began to
be distributed. The sweeper women were first. Whoever's name was called
would go running and taking her money call down undeserved blessings on
the Inspector and go away. Alarakkhi’s name was always called after
Champa's. Today she was passed over. After Champa, Jahuran's name was
called, and she always followed Alarakkhi.
In despair she looked at Huseni. The women were watching her and
beginning to whisper.
One after another the names were called and Alarakkhi went on looking at
the trees across the way.
Suddenly startled, she heard her name. Slowly she stood up and walked
ahead with the slow tread of a new bride. The paymaster put the full amount
of six rupees in her hand.
She was stupefied. Surely the paymaster was mistaken! In these three
years she had never once got her full pay. And now to get even half would
have been a windfall. She stood there for a second in case the paymaster
should ask for the money back. When he asked her, 'Why are you standing
here now, why don't you move along!' she said softly,
'But it's the full amount.’
Puzzled the paymaster looked at her and said, 'What else do you want--do
you want to get less!'
'There's no penalty deducted?'
'No, today there aren't any deductions.
She came away but in her heart she was not content. She was full of
remorse for having abused the Inspector.

Sunday, November 11, 2012

Vidhwans story by premchand



                          Catastrophe
                            Vidhwans
In Banaras District there is a village called Bira in which an old, childless
widow used to live. She was a Gond woman named Bhungi and she didn't
own either a scrap of land or a house to live in. Her only source of livelihood
was a parching oven. The village folk customarily have one meal a day of
parched grains, so there was always a crowd around Bhungi's oven.
Whatever grain she was paid for parching she would grind or fry and eat it.
She slept in a corner of the same little shack that sheltered the oven. As soon
as it was light she'd get up and go out to gather dry leaves from all around to
make her fire. She would stack the leaves right next to the oven, and after
twelve, light the fire. But on the days when she had to parch grain for Pandit
Udaybhan Pandey, the owner of the village, she went to bed hungry. She
was obliged to work without pay for Pandit Udaybhan Pandey She also had
to fetch water for his house. And, for this reason, from time to time the oven
was not lit. She lived in the Pandit's village, therefore he had full authority to
make her do any sort of odd job. In his opinion if she received food for
working from him, how could it be considered as work done without pay?
He was doing her a favour, in fact, by letting her live in the village at all.
It was spring, a day on which the fresh grain was fried and eaten and given
as a gift. No fire was lit in the houses Bhungi's oven was being put to good
use today. There was a crowd worthy of a village fair around her. She had
scarcely opportunity to draw a breath. Because of the customer's impatience,
squabbles kept breaking out. Then two servants arrived, each carrying a
heaped basket of grain from Pandit Udaybhan with the order to parch it right
away. When Bhungi saw the two baskets she was alarmed. It was already
after twelve and even by sunset, she would not have time to parch so much
grain. Now she would have to stay at the oven parching until after dark for
no payment. In despair she took the two baskets. One of the flunkeys said
menacingly, 'Don't waste any time or you'll be sorry.'
With this command the servants went away and Bhungi began to parch the
grain. It's no laughing matter to parch a whole maund of grain. She had to
keep stopping from the parching in order to keep the oven fire going. So by
sundown not even half the work was done. She was afraid Panditji's men
would be coming. She began to move her hands all the more frantically.
Soon the servants returned and said, 'Well, is the grain parched?'
Feeling bold, Bhungi said, 'Can't you see? I'm parching it now.'
'The whole day's gone and you haven't finished any more grain than this!
Have you been roasting it or spoiling it? This is completely uncooked!
How's it going to be used for food? It's the ruin of us! You’ll see what
Panditji does to you for this.'
The result was that that night the oven was dug up and Bhungi was left
without a means of livelihood.
Bhungi now had no means of support. The villagers suffered a good deal
too from the destruction of the oven. In many houses even at noon, cooked
cereal was no longer available. People went to Panditji and asked him to
give the order for the old woman's oven to be rebuilt and the fire once more
lighted, but he paid no attention to them. He could not suffer a loss of face.
A few people who wished her well urged her to move to another village. But
her heart would not accept this suggestion. She had spent her fifty miserable
years in this village and she loved every leaf on every tree. Here she had
known the sorrows and pleasures of life; she could not give it up now in the
last days. The very idea of moving distressed her. Sorrow in this village was
preferable to happiness in another.
A month went by. Very early one morning Pandit Udaybhan, taking his
little band of servants with him, went out to collect his rents. Now when he
looked toward the old woman's oven he fell into a violent rage: it was being
made again. Bhungi was energetically rebuilding it with balls of clay Most
likely she'd spent the night at this work and wanted to finish it before the sun
was high. She knew that she was going against the Pandit's wishes, but she
hoped that he had forgotten his anger by then. But alas, the poor creature had
gown old without growing wise.
Suddenly Panditji shouted, 'By whose order?'
Bewildered, Bhungi saw that he was standing before her.
He demanded once again, 'By whose order are you building it?' In a flight
she said, 'Everybody said I should build it and so I'm building it.'
'I'll have it smashed again. 'With this he kicked the oven. The wet clay
collapsed in a heap. He kicked at the trough again but she ran in front of it
and took the kick in her side. Rubbing her ribs she said, 'Maharaj, you're not
afraid of anybody but you ought to fear God. What good does it do you to
ruin me like this! Do you think gold is going to grow out of this small piece
of land! For your own good, I'm telling you, don't torment poor people, don't
be the death of me.
'You're not going to build any oven here again.
'If I don't how am I going to be able to eat!'
'I'm not responsible for your belly.'
'But if I do nothing except chores for you where will I go for food!'
'If you’re going to stay in the village you'll have to do my chores.
'I'll do them when I've built my over?. I can't do your work just for the
sake of staying in the village.
'Then don't, just get out of the village.
'How can I! I've grown old in this hut. My in-laws and their grandparents
lived in this same hut. Except for Yama, king of death, nobody's going to
force me out of it now.
'Excellent, now you're quoting Scripture!' Pandit Udaybhan said. 'lf you'd
worked hard I might have let you stay, but after this I won't rest until I've
had you thrown out. ‘To his attendants he said, 'Go get a pile of leaves right
away and set fire to the whole thing; we'll show her how to make an oven.
In a moment there was a tremendous racket. The names leapt towards the
sky, the blaze spread wildly in all directions till the villagers came clustering
around this mountain of fire. Hopelessly, Bhungi stood by her oven
watching the conflagration. Suddenly, with a violent dash, she hurled herself
into the names. They came running from everywhere but no one had the
courage to go into the mouth of the blaze. In a matter of seconds her
withered body was completely consumed.
At that moment the wind rose with a gust. The liberated flames began to
race toward the east. There were some peasants' huts near the oven which
were engulfed by the fierce flames. Fed in this way, the blaze spread even
further. Panditji's barn was in its path and it pounced upon it. By now the
whole village was in a panic. They began to band together to put out the fire
but the sprinkle of water acted like oil on it and the flames kept mounting
higher. Pandit Udaybhan's splendid mansion was swallowed up; while he
watched, it tossed like a ship amid wild waves and disappeared in the sea of
fire. The sound of lamentation that broke out amidst the ashes was even
more pitiful than Bhungi's grievous cries.
                by premchand

Friday, November 9, 2012

Names of some books written by munshi premchand


* Panch Parameshvar (पंच परमेश्वर)
* Idgah (ईदगाह)
* Nashaa
* Shatranj ke khiladi (शतरंज के ख़िलाडी) (The chess players)
* Poos ki raat (पूस की रात)
* Atmaram (आत्माराम)
* Boodhi Kaki (बूढी काकी) (The Old Aunt)
* Bade Bhaisahab (बडे भाईसाब) (The big brother)
* Bade ghar ki beti (बडे घर की बेटी) (The girl of an affluent family)
* Kafan (कफ़न) (Shroud)
* Dikri Ke Rupai (')
* Udhar Ki Ghadi (उधार की घडी)
* Namak Ka Daroga



* Gaban (गबन) (The Embezzlement)
* Godaan (गोदान) (The Gift of a Cow)
* Karmabhoomi (कर्मभूमी)
* Kaayakalp (कायाकल्प)
* Manorma (मनोरमा)
* Mangalsootra (मंगलसूत्र) - Incomplete
* Nirmala (निर्मला)
* Pratigya (प्रतिज्ञा) (The Vow)
* Premashram (प्रेमाश्रम)
* Rangbhoomi (रंगभूमी) (The theatre)
* Vardaan (वरदान) 

Sunday, November 4, 2012

WO JAMAANA YAAD AATA HAI



















खुसी  में  गुजरा  एक  जमाना याद आता है,
इतनी दूर हो  गयी हो हमसे ,तुम्हे हम भुला भी नहीं सकते,
आँखे बंद करते ही तुम्हारा  चेहरा याद आता है।

कैसे भुला दू तुम्हे,अब तुम ही बता दो सनम,
किया था कभी जो तुमसे वो वादा याद आता है ।

कभी जाकर बनाया था घरौंदा हमने,
आज टूटा हुआ वो रेत  का  महल याद आता है।  
कभी सोचा ना था मैंने, हम यु ही  बिछड़ जायेंगे ,
बचपन का वो रूठना, वो मनाना  याद  आता है।

चार पल वो जिन्दगी के, वो महफिलों की रौशनी।
दीपक के उजाले में भी गम का अँधेरा  याद आता है।

अब इस तन्हाई में घूंट कर मर जाएँगे हम,
हमसे वो छुटा  हुआ तुम्हारा  दामन याद आता है।

आँखों से निकल पड़े है आंसू, हाँथ भी अब थक गंये है .
मै  पूछता हु अपने आप से और -क्या  क्या याद आता है।
                                                BY  Abdul kadir bedil